The provider uses ultrasound and/or fluoroscopy, imaging technologies that display live images on a video monitor, to exchange a nephrostomy catheter through a percutaneous (through the skin) route to divert urine due to blockage within the renal pelvis or ureters. He may also inject contrast material to image the internal structures of the kidney (nephrostogram) and ureter (ureterogram). The procedure covers the complete diagnostic procedure and all radiological supervision and interpretation.
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