Operative Report
PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: Stage 2 uterovaginal prolapse.
POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: Stage 2 uterovaginal prolapse.
OPERATION: VAGINAL HYSTERECTOMY, ANTERIOR COLPORRHAPHY, REPAIR OF
CYSTOTOMY, AND CYSTOSCOPY.
ANESTHESIA: General.
ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: 100 cc.
FLUIDS: 2 liters crystalloid.
URINE OUTPUT: 200 cc clear urine at the beginning of the procedure.
FINDINGS: Small anteverted uterus with stage 2 prolapse, as well as grade 2 cystocele.
COMPLICATIONS: A 2-cm cystotomy which was repaired in 3 layers and was recognized immediately.
INDICATIONS: The patient is a 58-year-old G1, P1-0-0-1 who presented to her gynecologist with a uterovaginal prolapse. She desired to pursue a surgical plan for her prolapse and was counseled to undergo LAVH or possible vaginal hysterectomy. After informed consent was obtained and risks of the surgery were reviewed with the patient, she was taken to the operating room.
DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: The patient was brought to the operating room and placed in the dorsal lithotomy position prior to induction of anesthesia due to her bilateral hip replacement. After she felt comfortable and the position was confirmed, the general anesthesia was induced without difficulty. After that, a vaginal exam was performed and a
stage 2 prolapse was confirmed. At this point, the decision was made to start with a vaginal hysterectomy given the small size of the uterus and, if necessary, proceed with laparoscopy during the case. She was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion for both a vaginal hysterectomy, as well as for possible laparoscopy. The bladder was drained with a straight catheter with 200 cc of clear urine. A weighted speculum was placed in the vagina. The cervix was injected circumferentially and an incision was made
in the cervix circumferentially. The posterior peritoneum was entered with sharp and blunt dissection without any difficulties. The posterior peritoneum was attached to the posterior vagina at the 6 o'clock, 4 o'clock, and 8 o'clock with 0 Vicryl suture in an interrupted fashion. The uterosacral ligaments were clamped, cut, and tied bilaterally with 0 Vicryl suture. At this point, the attempt was made to push the bladder off the
anterior portion of the uterus and to enter the cul-de-sac. A clean plane was felt between the uterus and the bladder and entry was attempted. As soon as the cut was made, clear urine started to leak out from the bladder and a cystotomy was obvious on physical exam and was confirmed with passing a straight catheter through the urethra. The cystotomy was not larger than 2 cm and the decision was made to repair this. The cystotomy was repaired with 2-0 and 3-0 running stitches in 2 layers and appeared to be watertight. Cystoscopy was performed at this point after Indigo Carmine was administered and good distension was noted with no leakage of the cystotomy, as well as good bilateral ureteral jets. At this point, the decision was made to continue with the vaginal hysterectomy. Metzenbaum scissors were then used to cut further and deeper down at the cervix and
the bladder was pushed further up higher. Finely, I was able to get to the anterior peritoneum as a finger was passed on the lateral side from posteriorly to identify the anterior cul-de-sac. After anterior entry was made, a right-angle retractor was then placed. The cardinal ligaments, the broad ligament, and the utero-ovarian ligaments were serially clamped, cut, and tied with 0 Vicryl suture. Ovaries were inspected and found to be normal. The decision was made not to take them out as it was too high up to be able to see if they could be safely reached. The uterus was then removed and sent to Pathology. The decision was made to proceed with the anterior colporrhaphy. Pitressin was injected after 2 Allis clamps were used to tent up the redundant anterior vaginal mucosa. The incision was made with the scalpel. The anterior vaginal wall and the pelvic fascia was released from the vaginal fascia using Metzenbaum scissors and sharp
dissection. The endopelvic fascia was reapproximated in the midline using interrupted 2-0 Vicryl horizontal mattress stitches. The excess vagina was then removed and the incision was reapproximated in the midline using 2-0 Vicryl running stitches. After that, the pedicles were inspected again and there was no further bleeding noted. A Mayo needle was used to pass the 0 Vicryl suture from the uterosacral ligament through the posterior portion of the vagina. After that, the vaginal mucosa was reapproximated in a horizontal fashion using 2-0 Vicryl suture. The uterosacral ligaments at the end were tied together on both sides to suspend the vaginal wall. Good hemostasis was noted. A Foley was inserted and there was minimal urine return. The decision was made to repeat the cystoscopy. Cystoscopy was repeated and good distension was again noted with good bilateral jets and there was no visible injury to the bladder. Thus, a Foley catheter was
inserted and the return of fluid was confirmed at this point. The vagina was packed and there was no bleeding or leakage of the cystostomy noted at the anterior vaginal wall. The patient was then reversed from her general anesthesia and was taken to the recovery room in stable condition.