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Compression of the celiac axis by this ligament is referred to as celiac artery compression syndrome or median arcuate ligament syndrome, and it has been reported to cause intestinal angina
The median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm is formed by muscular fibers that connect the right and left crura of the diaphragm, and it defines the anterior margin of the aortic hiatus. Compression of the celiac axis by this ligament is referred to as celiac artery compression syndrome or median arcuate ligament syndrome, and it has been reported to cause intestinal angina, although this diagnosis has been disputed in the surgery literature . Additionally, this entity has been reported to predispose patients who have undergone orthotopic liver transplantation to develop hepatic artery thrombosis . While surgical treatment can lead to persistent clinical improvement in symptomatic patients , the importance of celiac artery compression in asymptomatic patients is unknown.
The character and position of the median arcuate ligament are highly variable. In an autopsy series it was observed that the celiac artery origin was at or above the median arcuate ligament in 33% (25 of 75) of cases. Results of conventional angiographic studies dating to the early 1970s showed that the positions of the median arcuate ligament, celiac artery, and aorta vary considerably during respiration and that median arcuate ligament compression is often accentuated during expiration