The provider introduces a needle and/or catheter under fluoroscopic guidance (live X–rays that can be viewed on a monitor) and injects contrast material into the dialysis access point to visualize and record images of the entire dialysis circuit; he finds an obstructed segment, which he dilates and opens up using a balloon expanded within the vessel lumen. Radiological supervision and interpretation for both components of the procedure and image capture and report for the angiography are included in this code.
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