You can bank on these coding basics every time you get a new report.
1. When diagnostic test results are positive, code the results to the highest level of specificity, says Terry Leone, CPC, CIC, CMBS, radiology coding specialist with Catamount Associates in New York, member of the American Academy of Professional Coders National Advisory Board, and presenter of "Radiology '101' for the New Coder: Basic Coding Rules" at the Academy's national conference.
Example: An x-ray reveals that a patient has a closed fracture of the shaft of the tibia and fibula. Instead of reporting ICD-9 823.82 (Fracture of tibia and fibula; unspecified part, closed; fibula with tibia), you should report ICD-9 823.22 (Fracture of tibia and fibula; shaft, closed; fibula with tibia).
2. When a study comes back normal or negative, choose a diagnosis code that describes the patient's clinical signs and symptoms, Leone says.
If the patient has a previous history of some intracranial abnormality that contributes to ordering the test, you may code that, as well.
Example: Your physician documents that a patient with a personal history of a malignant brain neoplasm has an MRI to determine the reason for his constant headaches. The test offers no conclusive results.
In this case, you may report 784.0 (Headache) and personal history code V10.85 (Personal history of malignant neoplasm of other sites; brain).
3. Track the diagnosis codes that your payers consider appropriate and will cover for each diagnostic test.
But you should never choose codes based on coverage--be sure your documentation backs up your coding choice, Leone says.