Question: Are there different kinds of national provider identifiers (NPIs) for individuals versus practices? Arizona Subscriber Answer: Yes. According to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) document “The Who, What, When, Why & How of NPI: Information for Health Care Providers,” there are two types of NPI. Type 1 is for individuals, like physicians, dentists and other sole providers. Type 2 is for organizations like physician groups, hospitals, nursing homes, and individuals who “incorporate” themselves.
An NPI is a 10-digit number that identifies a provider or practice for the other healthcare entities in which they interact, including payers, in HIPAA standard transactions. NPIs were originally mandated by HIPAA. Some providers may need additional NPIs if they have “subparts” that need to be “uniquely identified in standard transactions with their own NPIs.” In this context, CMS defines subpart as a “component of an organization health care provider that furnishes healthcare and is not itself a separate legal entity.” For example, a hospital with multiple departments may need several unique NPIs to identify each department. An individual who is both a provider and incorporated would need two NPIs: one of each type.