Oncology & Hematology Coding Alert

Malignancy and Lymph Node Involvement

According to the journal American Family Physicians, lymphadenopathy is defined as an abnormality in the size or character of lymph nodes. This may be caused by the invasion or propagation of either inflammatory cells or neoplastic cells into the nodes. Malignancy is one of the causes of lymphadenopathy or lymphadenitis. Cancers that commonly involve or spread to the lymph nodes include the following examples:

  • Low-grade Hodgkin's lymphoma (201.X)
  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (202.X)
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (204.1)
  • Cancers of the breast (174.X, 175.X)
  • Familial dysplastic nevus syndrome (238.2)
  • Melanoma (172.9)

Besides malignancy, other causes of lymph node enlargement and inflammation are infections, sexually transmitted diseases, kaposi’s sarcoma, tropical or nonendemic diseases (tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, scrub typhus, leishmaniasis, tularemia, brucellosis, plague, and anthrax), exposure to ultraviolet radiation, tobacco, and alcohol.