Neurosurgery Coding Alert

Know who can now render services and who can bill for services.

2013 brought E/M descriptor changes to broaden the range of providers who can report services. Read on for advice on how these changes will affect E/M reporting in your neurosurgery practice.

Eliminate ‘Physician’ Focus from Your E/M Thinking

Most E/M codes previously referred to "physicians" and "providers" in their descriptors, these have changed effective Jan.1 and the descriptors now say "qualified health care professionals."

Using 99214 as an example, the code changes are indicated with the strikethroughs (indicating deleted text) and underlining (indicating new text) as follows: Office or other outpatient visit for the evaluation and management of an established patient, which requires at least 2 of these 3 key components: A detailed history; A detailed examination; Medical decision making of moderate complexity. Counseling and coordination of care with, other physicians, other providers qualified health care professionals, or agencies are provided consistent with the nature of the problem(s) and the patient’s and/or family’s needs. Usually, the presenting problem(s) are of moderate to high severity. Physicians typically spend Typically, 25 minutes are spent face-to-face with the patient and/or family.

This really isn’t a change per se, as much as it is a clarification, says Maggie M. Mac, CPC, CEMC, CHC, CMM, ICCE, President of Maggie Mac-Medical Practice Consulting in Clearwater, Fla.

What this means: "They are clarifying that all E/M codes can be reported by physicians or other qualified health care providers and changed the wording with regard to time in each of the codes — which really has no bearing on how the codes are used, just that the typical time is spent by all qualified providers who bill these codes," says Melanie Witt, RN, COBGC, MA, an independent coding consultant in Guadalupita, N.M." In other words, if a payer allows someone other than a physician to provide and bill for a service, the CPT^® E/M codes are used by all providers who qualify."

Key for neuro: "This reinforces the role of nurse practitioners and physician assistants in providing follow-up E&M services, which may be under direct or indirect supervision of a physician, depending on the circumstances," says Gregory Przybylski, MD, director of neurosurgery, New Jersey Neuroscience Institute, JFK Medical Center, Edison. "State regulations may influence which providers are considered appropriate for these services as well as the level of supervision required."

"I believe that there are a lot of physician extenders out there," says Christy Shanley, CPC, department administrator for the University of California, Irvine department of urology. "This further clarifies what they can and or cannot perform on their own."

This change clarifies things in two ways, Mac says: "First, the change makes it clear that you can use E/M codes for nonphysician providers (NPPs)." Second, it clarifies that "you have to have that counseling with someone who is certified or technically licensed to provide that type of service; it can’t be your office administrator, so to speak," she explains. "It is just a clarification, and I think it was understood before but it could have been abused in some way."

Apply the Change to Your NPP Billing

The E/M service changes reinforce that NPPs, including PAs and NPs, can provide E/M services on their own, can bill on time alone, and can do counseling and coordination of care on their own, experts say.

Impact: "The description changes I feel are a benefit if RVUs do not go down," says Chandra L Hines, practice supervisor of Wake Specialty Physicians in Raleigh, NC. "Allowing PAs to bill these E/M services on their own and bill for services based on time including the counseling and coordination of care services is a positive move. It is important to recognize that these changes will mean that you will need to train your PAs and NPs to document properly if they are not used to doing this. It is always a good idea to review E/M coding each year with your physicians/NPPs and staff."

Time assignment: In addition, CPT^® includes typical times to the same-day observation or inpatient admission and discharge codes 99234-99236 (Observation or inpatient hospital care, for the evaluation and management of a patient including admission and discharge on the same date …), assigning 40 minutes to 99234, 50 minutes to 99235, and 55 minutes to 99236. Previously, these codes did not have typical times associated with them, so this change could be helpful to physicians who are at the patient’s bedside or on the unit counseling or coordinating care for more than half of the visit, which would allow them to select a code based on time.

Don’t miss: There are often circumstances where the level of documentation for history, examination and medical decision making would result in choosing a lower level E&M service compared with the time required to provide the service. "In circumstances where more than half of the service involves counseling or coordination of care, the provider may choose to base the level of service on the actual time spent with the patient rather than based on the complexity of the three key components of history, examination and medical decision making," says Przybylski.