You have seven potential options.
Every ICD-10-PCS code has seven characters, each character defining one aspect of the procedure performed. Together, they give a complete picture. You should choose your fifth character based on the physician's approach.
Definition: "Approach" refers to the technique a physician uses to reach the site of the procedure.
ICD-10-PCS offers the following options for identifying the approach:
Here is how you should define each of these approaches:
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Open: The physician cuts through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to expose the site of the procedure.
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Percutaneous: The physician gains entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to reach the site of the procedure.
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Percutaneous endoscopic: The physician gains entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to reach and visualize the site of the procedure.
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Via natural or artificial opening: The physician will use a natural or artificial opening to access the site of the procedure.
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Via natural or artificial opening endoscopic: Instrumentation enters through a natural or artificial external opening to reach and visualize the site of the procedure.
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Via Natural or Artificial Opening with Percutaneous Endoscopic Assistance: Like above, this involves instrumentation entering through a natural or artificial external opening, but it also involves puncture or minor incisions through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to aid in the performance of the procedure.
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External: The physician will perform a procedure directly on the skin or mucous membrane or indirectly by application of external force through the skin or mucous membrane.
Example 1: Suppose your physician performs liposuction on the patient's left upper arm. This procedure involves a small tube-like instrument called a cannula is inserted through tiny incisions to surgically remove fat cells. Therefore, the approach is percutaneous. You should use a fifth character of "3." (The full code is 0JDF3ZZ.)
Example 2: On the other hand, suppose your physician performs a dilation and curettage (D&C). During a D&C, the physician will dilate the cervix by inserting instrumentation via the vagina (natural opening). The instrumentation is then used to remove uterine tissue. Because the approach is via a natural opening and does not involve any endoscopic or percutaneous endoscopic assistance, you will apply a fifth character of "7." (The full ICD-10-PCS code is 0UDB7ZZ.)