ED Coding and Reimbursement Alert

Look closely at the documentation for these clues to determine the right code.

Consider a patient that reports to the ED with a foreign body (FB) in his right eye. The ED physician removes the FB and sends the patient home. This might look like a simple coding scenario, but there’s more to reporting ocular foreign body removal (FBR) than meets the eye.

Key: Your coding choice for these encounters will depend on depth of the wound, the location of the foreign body, and the instrumentation the physician uses to perform the FBR.

Determine if Conjunctival FB is ‘Embedded’

ED physicians will typically treat two types of eye FBRs: conjunctival and corneal. On conjunctival removals, coders need to check if the FB was superficial or embedded, confirms Todd Thomas, CPC, CCS-P, President of ERcoder, Inc. in Edmond, OK.

When the ED physician removes a superficial FB from the patient’s conjunctiva, report 65205 (Removal of foreign body, external eye; conjunctival superficial) for the service; for embedded conjunctival FBRs, choose 65210 (Removal of foreign body, external eye conjunctival embedded [includes concretions], subconjunctival, or scleral non-perforating).

Why does it matter? A superficial FB is exposed to the surface and generally easily moved with a cotton swab. To remove a superficial FB, the emergency physician might use a swab or tweezers. Embedded FBs extend into the conjunctiva. The physician will likely use a needle or an instrument called a spud to dislodge the FBR, and the spud or tweezers to capture it. The deeper the FB is, the more likely the needle will be needed to dislodge it, Thomas says.

Example: A patient reports to the ED complaining of discomfort in his right eye. The patient says that he was using an electric hedge trimmer on a tall hedge in his yard earlier that day. The ED physician finds a tiny piece of wood lying on the patient’s conjunctiva/conjunctival sac, which he grabs and removes using tweezers.

This is an example of a superficial FB, Thomas confirms. On the claim, report the following:

• 65205(Removal of foreign body, external eye; conjunctival superficial) for the foreign body removal
• T15.11A (Foreign body in conjunctival sac, right eye; initial encounter) linked to 65205 to represent the FB

In this case, a low level E/M would also likely apply if properly documented. Don’t forget to append modifier 25(Significant, separately identifiable E/M service by the same physician on the same day as a procedure) to your 9928x E/M code.

Was A Slit Lamp Used During the Corneal FBR?

When the ED physician removes a patient’s corneal FB, you’ll need to rely on a different set of codes.

If the ED physician removes the FB without a slit lamp, report 65220 (Removal of foreign body, external eye; corneal, without slit lamp). Report corneal FB removals using a slit lamp with 65222 (Removal of foreign body, external eye; corneal, with slit lamp).

The physician must be very careful not to damage the eye if the patient has an FB in his cornea. A slit lamp provides a beam of light and magnifies the FB. So if the physician is having trouble visualizing the FB for removal, he may employ a slit lamp. On your corneal FBR claims, be sure to check for slit lamp use before coding, Thomas explains.

Example: A patient reports to the ED with pain in his left eye. The physician examines the area, finding several paint chips in the cornea. The physician is able to see two paint chips, but is not convinced that the patient only has two FBs. She then uses a slit lamp to visualize the cornea, at which point she finds another small paint chip. The ED physician removes the three paint chips.

Since the physician decided to use the slit lamp to check for further particulate, you should report this service with 65222.

Sometimes the physician will use fluorescein dye to help visualize the eye similar to an ophthalmologist doing a routine eye exam. Be careful about reporting this service, Thomas says. Although you won’t find any CPT® codes mentioning use of fluorescein dye, 92230 (Fluorescein angioscopy, with interpretation and report) or 92235 (Fluorescein angiography [includes multiframe imaging] with interpretation and report), they are far beyond the service that would typically be performed in the ED.

Use 2 Codes If You Have Involvement in Both the Conjunctiva and Corneal

In the event that a patient requires removal of both a conjunctival and corneal FB from the same eye, choose the appropriate codes for each service. But don’t be surprised if the carrier reduces payment for one of the removals.

You would code the corneal FBR and the conjunctival FBR as normal, but you will probably get a multiple surgery reduction of fees depending on the carrier. You should bill each code for the full amount, and let the carrier reduce them if it wants. Use of modifier 51 (Multiple procedures) might speed the claims process with certain payers, says Thomas.

Tip: Some payers might want to see modifier 51 on claims in which the physician removes FBs from different sections of the same eye; others will just make the multiple surgery reduction when they receive the claim. If you are unsure of the payer’s policies on this issue, check your contract before coding.

Example: A welder reports to the ED with swelling in his left eye. The ED physician finds metal flakes over the patient’s conjunctiva/conjunctival sac and cornea, though none of it is embedded. The physician removes two conjunctival flakes with tweezers, then uses a slit lamp and needle to remove a flake from the cornea.

On the claim, you should report the following:

• 65222 (Removal of foreign body, external eye; corneal, with slit lamp) for the corneal FBR with slit lamp.
• T15.02XA (Foreign body in cornea, left eye; initial encounter) linked to 65222 to represent the corneal foreign body.
• 65205 (Removal of foreign body, external eye; conjunctival superficial) for removal of the conjunctival FBR
• T15.12XA (Foreign body in conjunctival sac, left eye; initial encounter) linked to 65205 to represent the patient’s conjunctival foreign body.

Also, link modifier 51 to 65205 to represent the separate nature of the FBRs — if your carrier requires it.